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Centrifugal Pumps Explained

A pump is a mechanical device that transfers, raises or compresses liquids or gases. It works by creating a difference in the low pressure area to move to the high pressure area. Pumps are used in various domestic, industrial and commercial applications.

One of most important pump that is used for industrial purpose is the Centrifugal pump. These centrifugal pumps are suitable for liquid with low viscosity like water and solvents.

In this article let’s discuss about the working principle, parts and types of centrifugal pumps and what characteristics makes an efficient pump.

Working Principle

A centrifugal pump uses centrifugal force to move the fluid by converting mechanical energy from a motor into kinetic energy in the fluid. First, the fluid is supplied through a nozzle and enters the pumps casing. Then, the impeller rotates at high speed creating a centrifugal force that pushes the fluid outward. As the fluid passes through the impeller, the velocity and pressure increases. The fluid then enters the diffuse section of the casing. It slows down and its pressure increases. The fluid exits the pump through the pump outlet.

Centrifugal pumps parts

A centrifugal pump has five main parts: the casing called a volute; the impeller that is used to move the liquid; the back plate that is used as a seal for the impeller, bearings; and the shaft that connects the impeller to an engine.

Centrifugal pumps types

There are majorly two types of centrifugal pumps. They are single stage and multi stage volute centrifugal pumps. The difference between a single and the multi stage pumps are in the number of the impellers used. These pumps are specifically used for air conditioning, water distribution, chemical and food processing industries.

Characteristics of an efficient pump:

The factors like capacity, total head, motor and the material of construction are used are taken into consideration. Consider S.J. INDUSTRIES CDX(L) single impeller centrifugal pumps that are used in domestic pressure boosting, small-scale garden irrigation, washing, treating water, cooling towers, pumping clean water in general, the capacity is up to 15M³/Hr, total head is up to 71.5M , motor used is IE 3.

If you need some guidance on how to select the right centrifugal pump, then don’t worry. There are a wide range of pumps in Tamilnadu, from centrifugal pumps to diaphragm pumps. S.J.Industries can guide you through the process of selecting the ideal pumps for your requirements.